Heat Pump Installation Process in BC: Complete Guide (2026)
Understanding the heat pump installation process helps you know what to expect, ask the right questions, and ensure quality workmanship. This guide walks through every step of a professional heat pump installation in British Columbia, from initial quote to final commissioning.
Timeline Overview
Ductless mini-split: 1-2 days Ducted central heat pump: 2-5 days (if ductwork exists) Air-to-water system: 3-7 days New ductwork required: +3-7 days
Total time from quote to completion: Typically 2-6 weeks depending on contractor availability and permits.
Phase 1: Pre-Installation (1-4 Weeks)
Step 1: Initial Consultation & Site Assessment
What happens:
- Contractor visits your home
- Measures rooms, checks insulation, inspects electrical panel
- Discusses your heating needs, budget, preferences
- Identifies installation challenges (long line runs, electrical upgrades needed, etc.)
What to ask:
- "What size system do you recommend and why?"
- "Will you perform a Manual J load calculation?"
- "Do I need electrical upgrades?"
- "What's included in your quote?"
Red flags:
- Sizing by square footage alone (without load calculation)
- Quotes without site visit
- Pressure to sign immediately
Step 2: Load Calculation (Manual J)
What it is: Engineering calculation to determine your home's exact heating and cooling needs.
Inputs:
- Home square footage and volume
- Insulation levels (walls, attic, basement)
- Window type, size, and orientation
- Air leakage (from blower door test if available)
- Local design temperature (-5°C to -25°C depending on BC region)
- Occupancy and internal heat gains
Output: Precise heating capacity needed (in BTU/hr or kW)
Why it matters:
- Oversized = short cycling, poor humidity control, wasted money
- Undersized = can't keep home warm on coldest days
BC-specific: Interior BC requires cold climate models sized for -15°C to -25°C design temperatures.
Learn more: Heat Pump Sizing Guide for BC
Step 3: Detailed Quote & Equipment Selection
Quote should include:
- Equipment model numbers (outdoor + indoor units)
- Installation labor costs
- Materials (refrigerant lines, electrical, mounting hardware)
- Permits and inspections
- Warranty details (parts and labor)
- Timeline for installation
- Payment terms
Equipment specifications to verify:
- SEER rating (cooling efficiency): Look for 16+
- HSPF rating (heating efficiency): Look for 9+
- Rated low-temperature operation: -15°C minimum for coastal BC, -25°C for interior
- Brand and warranty period: 5-12 years typical
BC requirement: Contractor must hold valid TSBC Gas-2 or Gas-3 license (verify at tsbc.ca).
Step 4: Permits & Approvals
Required permits in BC:
- Electrical permit: For new circuits, panel upgrades
- Building permit: Sometimes required for ductwork or structural penetrations (check with municipality)
- Gas permit (if applicable): For dual fuel systems with gas backup
TSBC notification: All refrigerant work must be performed by TSBC-licensed contractor (automatically reported to TSBC).
Timeline: 3-7 days for permit approval (varies by municipality)
Included in quote: Most contractors handle all permit applications and include fees in total cost.
Step 5: Rebate Pre-Approval (if applicable)
CleanBC Better Homes: Must reserve rebate BEFORE installation
- Apply at betterhomesbc.ca
- Reserve rebate amount
- Complete installation within 120 days
- Submit invoices and documentation
Canada Greener Homes Grant: Pre-retrofit EnerGuide evaluation required
- Book through registered service organization
- Costs $600-$800 (reimbursed through grant)
- Must be done before installation begins
Timeline: Allow 2-4 weeks for rebate reservation and pre-evaluation.
Learn more: 2026 BC Heat Pump Rebates
Phase 2: Installation Day(s)
Ductless Mini-Split Installation (1-2 Days)
Day 1, Hour 1-2: Site Preparation
- Protect floors and furniture with drop cloths
- Mark indoor unit locations
- Confirm outdoor unit placement with homeowner
- Verify electrical panel capacity
Day 1, Hour 2-4: Indoor Unit Installation
- Mount indoor wall brackets (check level and stud anchoring)
- Drill 2.5-3" penetration through exterior wall for refrigerant lines
- Install indoor units on brackets
- Test secure mounting (units are 20-30 lbs each)
Day 1, Hour 4-6: Outdoor Unit Installation
- Install outdoor unit pad (concrete, composite, or wall bracket)
- Position outdoor unit (minimum 12" clearance all sides)
- Secure to pad with vibration-dampening mounts
- Ensure level placement (critical for compressor oil return)
Day 1, Hour 6-8: Refrigerant Line Installation
- Run refrigerant lines (copper pipes) from outdoor → each indoor unit
- Insulate lines to prevent condensation
- Conceal lines in wall chase, conduit, or decorative line cover
- Support every 3-4 feet to prevent sagging
- BC-specific: Extra care in wet climates to prevent water infiltration at wall penetrations
Day 2, Hour 1-3: Electrical Connections
- Run dedicated circuit from panel to outdoor unit (typically 30-60A breaker)
- Connect low-voltage control wiring (indoor ↔ outdoor)
- Install condensate drain line (gravity drain or pump)
- Test all electrical connections
Day 2, Hour 3-5: Refrigerant Work (TSBC-Licensed Only)
- Flare refrigerant line ends (precision connections)
- Connect lines to indoor and outdoor units
- Vacuum test to remove air and moisture (minimum 30 minutes)
- Pressure test to verify no leaks
- Release factory-charged refrigerant (most systems pre-charged)
- OR charge system with exact refrigerant amount per manufacturer specs
Day 2, Hour 5-7: Commissioning & Testing
- Power on system
- Test heating mode (check temp rise)
- Test cooling mode (check temp drop)
- Verify proper condensate drainage
- Check refrigerant pressures (suction and discharge)
- Test defrost cycle (if applicable)
- Program thermostat/remote controls
- Train homeowner on operation
Day 2, Hour 7-8: Final Inspection & Cleanup
- Walk through with homeowner
- Explain maintenance (filter cleaning every 2-3 months)
- Provide user manuals and warranty registration
- Clean up site, remove debris
- Arrange municipal and TSBC inspections (if required)
Ducted Central Heat Pump Installation (2-5 Days)
Similar to ductless, but with these differences:
Additional Steps:
Day 1-2: Air Handler Installation
- Install indoor air handler (furnace-like unit) in utility room, attic, or basement
- Connect to existing ductwork (or install new if needed)
- Ensure proper airflow to all rooms
Day 2-3: Ductwork Modifications (if needed)
- Seal leaky ducts (30-40% energy loss from leaks is common)
- Add return air ducts if undersized
- Balance airflow with dampers
- Insulate ducts in unconditioned spaces
Day 3-4: Integration with Existing System
- If keeping gas furnace as backup: install dual-fuel controls
- Remove old AC condenser (if replacing)
- Connect new heat pump to air handler
BC-specific considerations:
- Vapor barriers in crawlspaces (moisture control)
- R-value requirements for duct insulation in cold climates
Air-to-Water Heat Pump Installation (3-7 Days)
More complex due to hydronic integration:
Day 1-2: Outdoor Unit & Indoor Module
- Install outdoor air-to-water heat pump
- Install indoor hydronic module (buffer tank, pump, controls)
- Connect refrigerant lines (similar to ductless)
Day 2-4: Hydronic Integration
- Connect to existing radiant floor manifolds or baseboard piping
- Install mixing valves (to control water temperature to different zones)
- Integrate with domestic hot water (if applicable)
- Flush system and check for leaks
Day 4-5: Controls & Commissioning
- Install outdoor reset control (adjusts water temp based on outdoor temp)
- Program zones and schedules
- Test water temperatures (35-65°C range typical)
- Verify proper circulation to all zones
Day 5-7: Water Quality & Testing
- Check water pH and hardness (critical for system longevity)
- Add corrosion inhibitors if needed
- Full system pressure test
- Train homeowner on operation
Phase 3: Post-Installation (1-2 Weeks)
Step 6: Inspections
Municipal inspection:
- Electrical work inspected by municipal inspector
- Verify code compliance
- Issue completion certificate
TSBC inspection (if required):
- Verify refrigerant work by licensed gas contractor
- Check proper installation practices
- Issue safety certificate
Timeline: 3-7 days to schedule inspections
Step 7: Rebate Submission
Post-installation requirements:
Canada Greener Homes Grant:
- Schedule post-retrofit EnerGuide evaluation
- Submit invoices and evaluation report
- Wait 4-8 weeks for rebate payment
CleanBC Better Homes:
- Submit invoices and photos to betterhomesbc.ca
- Include proof of payment
- Wait 4-8 weeks for rebate payment
Learn more: 2026 BC Heat Pump Rebates
Step 8: Warranty Registration
Register within 30-90 days:
- Manufacturer warranty (equipment)
- Contractor labor warranty (typically 1-2 years)
Keep records:
- Invoices and receipts
- Warranty documents
- Installer contact information
- Equipment model and serial numbers
What to Look for During Installation
Quality Indicators ✓
Refrigerant lines:
- Properly insulated (no bare copper exposed)
- Supported every 3-4 feet
- No kinks or sharp bends
- Sealed penetrations (no air/water leaks)
Outdoor unit:
- Level placement
- Adequate clearance (12" minimum all sides)
- Secure mounting
- Protected from ice/snow falling from roof
Indoor units (ductless):
- Level mounting
- Minimum 7 feet above floor
- At least 6" from ceiling
- Not directly above bed or seating
Electrical:
- Dedicated circuit (not shared with other appliances)
- Proper wire gauge (30-60A typical)
- Disconnect switch within sight of outdoor unit
- Clean, professional wiring
Condensate drain:
- Slopes downward (minimum 1/4" per foot)
- Drains to suitable location (not onto walkways)
- Accessible cleanout
- Trap installed if required
Red Flags ⚠️
Poor workmanship:
- Exposed, uninsulated refrigerant lines
- Unlevel outdoor unit
- Sagging or poorly supported lines
- Gaps around wall penetrations
Shortcuts:
- Skipping vacuum test ("good enough" attitude)
- Not checking for leaks
- Reusing old refrigerant lines
- Improper electrical wire size
Safety issues:
- No electrical disconnect
- Outdoor unit blocking emergency exit
- Condensate draining onto electrical panel
- Overloaded electrical circuit
If you see red flags: Stop installation and discuss with contractor. Don't accept substandard work.
Installation Costs Breakdown
Typical ductless mini-split ($8,500-$14,500):
- Equipment: 40-50% ($3,500-$7,000)
- Labor: 35-45% ($3,000-$6,500)
- Materials: 10-15% ($1,000-$2,000)
- Permits & overhead: 5-10% ($500-$1,500)
Typical ducted central ($11,500-$17,500):
- Equipment: 45-55% ($5,000-$9,500)
- Labor: 30-40% ($3,500-$7,000)
- Materials: 10-15% ($1,500-$2,500)
- Permits & overhead: 5-10% ($500-$1,500)
Learn more: Heat Pump Cost BC
Electrical Requirements
Panel Capacity
Heat pump breaker size: 30-60A typical (depends on model)
Check your panel:
- Total panel capacity: 100A, 200A, or 400A
- Available breaker slots
- Current load (all other circuits combined)
Upgrade needed if:
- Panel is full (no available slots)
- Total load exceeds panel capacity
- Panel is old (pre-1990s may need replacement)
Upgrade cost: $1,500-$3,000 for 200A panel upgrade
Dedicated Circuit
Required: Heat pump must be on dedicated circuit (not shared)
Wire gauge:
- 30A breaker = 10 AWG wire
- 40A breaker = 8 AWG wire
- 50A breaker = 6 AWG wire
Distance matters: Long wire runs may require larger gauge
Common Installation Challenges in BC
Challenge 1: Wet Climate (Coastal BC)
Issue: Rain, moisture infiltration at wall penetrations Solution:
- Seal all penetrations with exterior-grade caulk
- Slope refrigerant line covers to drain water away
- Install drip loops in wiring
Challenge 2: Cold Climate (Interior BC)
Issue: Extreme cold, snow accumulation Solution:
- Install cold climate models rated to -25°C
- Elevate outdoor unit 18-24" above snow line
- Install snow shield above outdoor unit if needed
Challenge 3: Older Homes (Pre-1980s)
Issue: Limited electrical capacity, no ductwork, poor insulation Solution:
- Electrical panel upgrade (budget extra $1,500-$3,000)
- Choose ductless (avoids ductwork cost)
- Consider insulation upgrades first (better ROI)
Challenge 4: Strata/Condo Buildings
Issue: Approval required, limited outdoor space Solution:
- Get strata council approval before installation
- Wall-mounted outdoor units (if ground space unavailable)
- Noise considerations (choose quiet models)
Challenge 5: Heritage Homes
Issue: Restrictions on exterior modifications Solution:
- Conceal refrigerant lines in walls or decorative boxes
- Choose location not visible from street
- Coordinate with heritage committee
Maintenance Schedule (Post-Installation)
Monthly:
- Clean or vacuum indoor unit filters (ductless)
Every 3 months:
- Check outdoor unit for debris, leaves, snow
- Ensure condensate drain is clear
Annually (before winter):
- Professional service and inspection
- Check refrigerant pressures
- Clean coils
- Test defrost cycle
- Verify electrical connections
Cost: $150-$300 per annual service visit
First 30 Days After Installation
What to expect:
Week 1: Break-in period
- System may run more frequently as it "learns" your home
- Some noise as components settle
- Slight refrigerant smell normal for first few days
Week 2-3: Optimization
- Adjust thermostat settings for comfort
- Learn optimal temperature setpoints
- Monitor energy usage
Week 4: Follow-up
- Contractor may schedule follow-up visit
- Address any questions or concerns
- Verify system performance
When to Call Your Installer
Normal (don't worry):
- Steam from outdoor unit during defrost
- Slight temperature variation room-to-room
- Occasional "whooshing" sound when compressor starts
- Water dripping from condensate drain
Needs attention (call installer):
- No heat or cooling
- Constant error codes
- Ice buildup on outdoor unit (outside of defrost)
- Water leaking indoors
- Unusual loud noises
- Refrigerant smell (sweet, chemical odor)
Emergency (call immediately):
- Electrical burning smell
- Sparks or smoke
- Refrigerant leak in occupied space
Choosing the Right Installer
Verify qualifications:
- TSBC Gas-2 or Gas-3 license (required in BC)
- Liability insurance ($2M minimum)
- WorkSafeBC coverage
- References from recent installations
Get 2-3 quotes:
- Compare equipment models (not just price)
- Ask about load calculations
- Review warranty terms
- Check online reviews
Learn more: Find BC Heat Pump Installers
Next Steps
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Understand costs:
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Choose the right type:
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Get proper sizing:
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Calculate ROI:
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Find installers:
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Apply for rebates:
Related Guides
- Types of Heat Pumps in BC - Complete overview of all heat pump types
- How Heat Pumps Work - Technical explanation of heat pump operation
- Heat Pump Sizing Guide - Proper sizing for BC homes
- Ductless vs Central Heat Pumps - Which system is right for you